Accident And Emergency

1. Define and differentiate between accident, emergency, trauma, and injury.
2. Apply triage principles to prioritize patient care in emergency situations.
3. Describe the components of an effective emergency medical services (EMS) system.
4. Implement basic and advanced airway management techniques.
5. Manage patients with various emergency conditions, including cardiac arrest, hemorrhage, and respiratory distress.
6. Recognize and manage the psychological and emotional aspects of emergency care, including stress, anxiety, and grief.
7. Apply infection control measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in prehospital settings.

13 weeks, about 48 hours in total. Yours will differ.

1. Week 1Module 1: Accidents and Emergency

   • Unit 1: Introduction · 2 hours

     Define accident and emergency.. Understand the concept of triage and its importance in prioritizing patient care.. Identify the key roles and responsibilities of healthcare professionals in the emergency department.. Describe the layout and function of a resuscitation area..

   • Unit 2: Accidents · 2 hours

     Define accident and differentiate it from trauma and injury.. Classify injuries based on their nature and cause.. Discuss the kinetics of trauma and its impact on the human body.. Explain the epidemiological considerations related to accidents and injuries..

2. Week 2Module 1: Accidents and Emergency

   • Unit 3: Emergency Medical Services(EMS) Systems · 3 hours

     Describe the history and development of emergency medical services (EMS) systems.. List and define the components of an EMS system.. Explain the oversight duties of an EMS administrative agency.. Discuss the responsibilities of the physician medical director regarding direct-line and indirect-line medical control..

3. Week 3Module 2:

   • Unit 1: Fall Related Injuries · 2 hours

     Define the term fall and identify factors that contribute to falls.. State methods of preventing fall-related injuries.. Explain the basic principles of sports medicine and the care of athletic injuries.. Understand the mechanisms of injury in sports-related incidents..

   • Unit 2: Drowning · 2 hours

     Define drowning and near-drowning.. Discuss the pathophysiology of drowning, including fresh-water and sea-water drowning.. Explain the risk factors associated with drowning.. List various ways to prevent drowning..

4. Week 4Module 2:

   • Unit 3: Stress · 2 hours

     Define stress and identify its causes and management strategies.. Discuss the physiology of stress and different types of reactions.. Explain the body's response to stress and the stages involved.. Understand the effects of stress on the immune system..

   • Unit 4: Physiology of Stress · 2 hours

     Describe the stress reaction, including the various psychological and physiological components.. Name common causes of job stress for paramedics.. List the techniques that paramedics can use to deal with stress.. Describe the purpose of critical incident stress debriefing..

5. Week 5Module 2:

   • Unit 5: Anxiety, Death and Dying · 3 hours

     Define anxiety and differentiate between normal and detrimental anxiety levels.. Know different types of management for anxiety.. Define death and dying and understand how to manage them.. Recognize the stages of grief and provide appropriate support to patients and families..

6. Week 6Module 3:

   • Unit 1: Violent Injuries · 2 hours

     Define the term violence and differentiate between types of violence.. Discuss risk factors in violence.. Define suicide and mention the prevention of violence.. Identify the signs and symptoms of violent behavior and implement appropriate safety measures..

   • Unit 2: Poisoning · 2 hours

     Define poisoning and understand the terminology involved, including decontamination.. Discuss types of poisoning and state the diagnosis of poisoning.. Explain the management of poisoning and list the preventive measures of poisoning.. Describe the ecology of burns and methods for preventing burns..

7. Week 7Module 3:

   • Unit 3: Fluid And Electrolytes · 3 hours

     Identify the body's major fluid compartments and the proportion of total body water they contain.. Name the abnormal states of hydration and describe their common causes and effects on the human system.. List the major electrolytes and discuss the role they play in maintaining fluid balance within the human body.. Define diffusion, osmosis, active transport, and facilitated diffusion and explain their role in human fluid dynamics..

8. Week 8Module 4:

   • Unit 1: Shock · 2 hours

     Define the term shock and state the various types of shock.. Mention the clinical features of shock.. State the management of shock.. Understand the pathophysiology of shock and the body's compensatory mechanisms..

   • Unit 2: Cardiac Attack/Arrest · 2 hours

     Define heart attack and its components.. Discuss stroke and chronic heart failure.. State the management of stroke and heart attack.. Recognize the signs and symptoms of cardiac arrest and implement appropriate interventions..

9. Week 9Module 4:

   • Unit 3: Haemorrhage · 3 hours

     Define the term hemorrhage and describe the major three types of hemorrhage.. Identify bleeding control points.. Understand the management of hemorrhage and the appropriate use of a tourniquet.. Explain the classification of hemorrhage and its impact on patient management..

10. Week 10Module 5:

    • Unit 1: Head Injury · 2 hours

      Understand the different types of head injuries and their classification.. Discuss the pathological and clinical features of head injuries.. Explain the causes and mechanisms of head injuries.. State the management and treatment of head injuries..

    • Unit 2: Fracture · 2 hours

      Define the term fracture and describe the various types of fractures.. List the clinical features of fracture.. Enumerate fracture management techniques.. Understand specific musculoskeletal considerations in fracture management..

11. Week 11Module 5:

    • Unit 3: Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases · 2 hours

      Define bacteria, antibiotics, virus, fungi, and antigen.. Define toxin and give an example of endotoxins and exotoxins.. Describe the difference between bacterial and viral infections.. Briefly discuss the body's immune system..

    • Unit 4: Emergency Respiratory Condition · 2 hours

      Define respiratory obstruction and explain asphyxia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.. Describe basic airway management techniques.. Understand the circumstances leading to asphyxia and its various forms.. Explain the methods of CPR, its pathophysiology, and potential complications..

12. Week 12Module 6:

    • Unit 1: Wound · 2 hours

      Define the term wound and classify wounds based on their characteristics.. List and explain factors influencing the healing of a wound.. Define wound suturing and discuss the complications of wounds.. Understand the clinical features of wounds and their appropriate management..

    • Unit 2: Metabolic Emergency Diabetes · 2 hours

      Define the term diabetes and diabetic coma.. Explain the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and emergency interventions for diabetic ketoacidosis.. Discuss hypoglycemia and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma.. Understand the management of metabolic emergencies related to diabetes..

13. Week 13Module 6:

    • Unit 3: Peptic Ulcer · 2 hours

      Define the term peptic ulcer and explain the types of peptic ulcers.. Mention the clinical features of peptic ulcer.. State the management of peptic ulcer.. Understand the causes, diagnosis, and classification of peptic ulcers..

    • Unit 4: Peritonitis · 2 hours

      Define the term peritonitis.. Explain the clinical manifestations and complications of peritonitis.. State the causes of peritonitis and discuss the management of peritonitis.. Understand the diagnosis and treatment of peritonitis in emergency settings..