English As A Second Language

1. Explain the historical development of English and its global spread.
2. Identify and describe various models for characterizing English usage in the world.
3. Define and classify different types of bilingualism.
4. Analyze the linguistic features of English as a Second Language.
5. Discuss the phenomenon of code-switching in ESL contexts.
6. Explain the processes of pidginization and creolization.
7. Describe the principles of language planning and policy.
8. Explain the theories of second language acquisition.

13 weeks, about 30 hours in total. Yours will differ.

1. Week 1Module 1: Introduction to English as a Second Language

   • Unit 1: Introduction to English as a Second Language · 2 hours

     Read the introduction to understand the origin of English and its varieties.. Identify and distinguish the different varieties of English: ENL, ESL, EFL, ELF, and CEC.. Reflect on the role of English in various global contexts..

2. Week 2Module 2: Historical Development of English Language

   • Unit 2: Historical Development of English Language (1) · 2 hours

     Examine the origins of Old English and its features.. Study the transition to Middle English after the Norman invasion.. Compare and contrast Old English and Middle English, noting key linguistic changes..

3. Week 3Module 2: Historical Development of English Language

   • Unit 3: Historical Development of English Language (2) · 2 hours

     Explore the Early Modern English period, including the Great Vowel Shift.. Analyze the influence of historical events like the Reformation on the English language.. Examine the features of Later Modern English and its evolution..

4. Week 4Module 3: Spread of English and Characterization of ESL

   • Unit 4: The Spread of English around the World · 2 hours

     Identify political factors such as imperialism and colonialism that contributed to the spread of English.. Analyze the role of science, technology, and education in promoting English.. Discuss the impact of international relations and the entertainment industry on the global spread of English..

5. Week 5Module 3: Spread of English and Characterization of ESL

   • Unit 5: Models for the Characterization of English Usage in the World (1) · 2 hours

     Study Kachru's Concentric Circle Model and its characterization of English usage.. Examine MacArthur's Model and its approach to World English.. Analyze Gorlach's Model and its classification of International English..

6. Week 6Module 3: Spread of English and Characterization of ESL

   • Unit 6: Models for the Characterization of English Usage in the World (2) · 2 hours

     Explore Strevens's World Map Model and its division of English varieties.. Analyze Modiano's Model and its focus on proficiency in International English.. Compare and contrast the various models for characterizing English usage..

7. Week 7Module 4: Bilingualism and Typologies

   • Unit 7: English as a Second Language and Concept of Bilingualism · 2 hours

     Define bilingualism and its relevance to ESL.. Explore different definitions of bilingualism and their implications.. Consider the factors that contribute to an adequate definition of bilingualism..

8. Week 8Module 4: Bilingualism and Typologies

   • Unit 8: Classifying and Categorizing Bilinguals · 2 hours

     Study Weinreich's classification of bilinguals: coordinate, compound, and subordinate.. Examine Haugen's classification of bilinguals: supplementary, complementary, and replacive.. Compare and contrast Weinreich's and Haugen's classifications..

9. Week 9Module 4: Bilingualism and Typologies

   • Unit 9: Other Typologies of Bilingualism · 2 hours

     Explore various typologies of bilingualism: early/late, balanced/dominant, additive/subtractive, primary/secondary.. Examine folk/elite, symmetrical/asymmetrical, elemental/conscious, receptive/productive, and complete/incomplete bilinguals.. Analyze the implications of these typologies for ESL users..

10. Week 10Module 5: Features of ESL, Code-Switching, and Language Contact

    • Unit 10: General Features of English as a Second Language · 2 hours

      Examine phonological features of ESL, including dental fricatives and palato-alveolar fricatives.. Analyze syntactic and grammatical features of ESL, such as overgeneralization and wrong ordering of words.. Explore lexical features of ESL, including ESL-inspired words and expressions..

11. Week 11Module 5: Features of ESL, Code-Switching, and Language Contact

    • Unit 11: Code-switching in English as a Second Language · 2 hours

      Explore the concept of code-switching in ESL.. Analyze the reasons for code-switching, including referential, directive, expressive, phatic, meta-linguistic, and solidarity functions.. Discuss the sociolinguistic implications of code-switching..

12. Week 12Module 5: Features of ESL, Code-Switching, and Language Contact

    • Unit 12: Pidgin and Creole (1) · 2 hours

      Define Pidgins and Creoles and their relationship to ESL.. Explore the processes of pidginization and creolization.. Analyze the linguistic characteristics of Pidgins and Creoles..

    • Unit 13: Pidgin and Creole (2) · 2 hours

      Continue exploring the linguistic characteristics of Pidgins and Creoles.. Examine theories of the origin of Pidgins and Creoles, including the foreigner-talk theory and the monogenesis theory.. Analyze the relexification theory and the theory of universal language learning..

13. Week 13Module 6: Language Planning, Policy, and Acquisition

    • Unit 14: Language Planning and Policy · 2 hours

      Define language planning and policy and their relevance to ESL.. Explore the processes of language planning and policy, including selection, codification, elaboration, implementation, and evaluation.. Analyze the factors affecting language planning and policy, such as social-demographic and linguistic factors..

    • Unit 15: Acquiring English as a Second Language · 2 hours

      Examine interlanguage and its role in second language acquisition.. Explore formal and informal approaches to the acquisition of ESL.. Analyze the importance of communicative competence in second language learning..