Principles Of Toxicology

1. Define toxicology and its major sub-disciplines.
2. Explain the mechanisms of action of various toxicants.
3. Identify the target organs and systems affected by specific toxins.
4. Describe the processes of biotransformation and excretion of toxicants.
5. Apply toxicological principles to risk assessment and safety evaluation.
6. Evaluate the impact of environmental factors on toxicological outcomes.

13 weeks, about 53 hours in total. Yours will differ.

1. Week 1Module 1: Introduction

   • Unit 1: History of Toxicology · 3 hours

     Define toxicology and its evolution.. Identify major historical landmarks and scientists in toxicology.. Discuss the application of toxicology in therapeutics and risk assessment..

2. Week 2Module 1: Introduction

   • Unit 2: Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Toxicology · 4 hours

     Understand cell culture techniques and their applications in toxicology.. Explore molecular techniques like cloning, PCR, and blot analyses.. Learn about immunochemical techniques for protein detection and quantification..

3. Week 3Module 1: Introduction

   • Unit 3: Biotoxins · 3 hours

     Define biotoxins and their classification.. Discuss the functions of biotoxins in predation and defense.. Differentiate between exotoxins and endotoxins..

4. Week 4Module 1: Introduction

   • Unit 4: Carcinogenesis · 4 hours

     Understand the concept of carcinogenesis and its stages.. Identify major causes and risk factors for human cancer.. Learn about DNA-damaging and epigenetic agents..

5. Week 5Module 1: Introduction

   • Unit 5: Teratogenesis · 4 hours

     Mention the principles of teratology.. Describe the embryology of mammals.. Mention historical teratogens.. Describe the application of teratology in Toxicology..

6. Week 6Module 2: Advanced Topics

   • Unit 1: Mutagenesis · 3 hours

     Understand the usefulness and limitations of mutagenicity assays in the identification of carcinogens.. Define Mutagenesis.. State the importance of mutagenicity assays..

7. Week 7Module 2: Advanced Topics

   • Unit 2: Biotransformation of Toxicants · 4 hours

     Describe the reactions involved in the biotransformation of toxicants.. Understand the role of cytochrome P450 enzymes.. Discuss the processes of oxidation, reduction, and conjugation..

8. Week 8Module 2: Advanced Topics

   • Unit 3: Toxic Responses of the Blood · 4 hours

     Understand the toxicology of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.. Learn about the effects of toxicants on hematopoiesis.. Discuss leukemogenesis as a toxic response..

9. Week 9Module 2: Advanced Topics

   • Unit 4: Toxic Responses of the Liver · 4 hours

     Understand the toxic responses of the liver.. Identify major hepatotoxicant classes.. Discuss mechanisms of liver injury, including fatty liver and cell death..

10. Week 10Module 2: Advanced Topics

    • Unit 5: Toxic Responses of Kidney · 4 hours

      Describe the consequences of toxicity to the kidney.. Mention substances that induce toxicity to the kidney.. Explain the parameters used to assess toxicity to the kidney..

11. Week 11Module 3: Body Systems

    • Unit 1: Immune Systems · 4 hours

      Understand the methods of using immunocompetence in toxicological studies.. Understand the modulation of the immune system by xenobiotics.. Describe the components of the immune system..

12. Week 12Module 3: Body Systems

    • Unit 2: Respiratory Systems · 4 hours

      Describe the pathogenesis of lung damage induced by toxicants.. Describe the methods of assessing the toxicity of chemical to the respiratory system.. Understand the general principles in the pathogenesis of lung damage caused by chemicals..

13. Week 13Module 3: Body Systems

    • Unit 3: Nervous System · 4 hours

      Understand the environmental factors to neurogenerative diseases.. Understand the mechanisms of neurotoxicity.. Mention chemicals that are neurotoxic and their modes of action..

    • Unit 4: Eye · 4 hours

      Understand how the eye is exposed to toxicants.. Explain the mechanisms of action of toxicants in the target sites of the eye.. Describe the exposure to the eye and visual system..